Mon, 13 Apr 2009 11:39:00 GMThttp://blog.csdn.net/feijj2002_/http://blog.csdn.net/feijj2002_/archive/2009/04/13/4068775.aspxhttp://blog.csdn.net/feijj2002_/comments/4068775.aspx0http://blog.csdn.net/feijj2002_/comments/commentRss/4068775.aspxhttp://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=4068775汉语，分开说就是“汉字”和“语言”。 汉字，古人都认为书画同源。 也就是在约公元前14世纪的殷商后期的金文、铭文和甲骨文，它们是中国最早的文字，字也是画，画也是字，即象形文字。 ­象形文字，是用来表意的，如“日”，表示太阳，但表音很弱，最处的文字都有一个读音，但随着文字的发展，文字增多，文字注音也变得越来越复杂。（可能因各地方言不一样，难以统一）汉字以本身表义为主（所以表达力很强），注音方面较为薄弱（以至对汉字不容易学习掌握推广）。不象拉丁字母组成的英语，为拼音文字，字母少，既表义又表音，会写就会读。 而汉字，表音和表义是分开的。 ­最早的汉字注音法有：读若法和直注法。读若法就是用音近的字来注音（也就是用已有标准读音的汉字为新汉字注音），许慎的《说文解字》就采用这种注音方法，如“埻，射臬也，读若准”。直注法就是用另一个汉字来表明这个汉字的读音，如“女为说己者容”中，使用“说者曰悦”来进行注音。 ­魏晋时期发展出了反切法，即用两个基本汉字为一个新汉字的注音。即用第一个基本汉字的声母和第二个基本汉字的韵母和声调合拼来注音，使得所有汉字发音都有可能组合出来。如“练，朗甸切”，即“练”的发音是<img src ="http://blog.csdn.net/feijj2002_/aggbug/4068775.aspx" width = "1" height = "1" />Mon, 13 Apr 2009 19:39:00 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